These gases are directed on the wp in the form of high velocity stream. As shown in the figure, there are four types of matter solid, liquid, gas and plasma. The current rise is limited by a partial shielding action of gaseous reaction products o 2 or h 2 over the electrode surface. Welding multiple choice questions and answers on welding mcq questions quiz on welding objectives questions. When a solid is heated, the molecules start to vibrate more vigorously. Sharma, department of mechanical engineering, iit roorkee.
Plasma arc cutting using design of experiment a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the requirement for the degree of master of technology in production engineering by vivek singh 207me209 under the guidance of dr. Plasma arc cutting system plasma, waterjet and laser. Patni input parameters cutting speed, cutting current, standoff distance, cutting voltage, plasma gas pressure and gas flow rate output parameters surface roughness, material removal rate and kerf width material ss 310. Electrolysis is based on faraday laws of electrolysis which is stated as. Installation and use the user is responsible for installing and using the plasma equipment according to the manufacturers instructions. I trust that fabrication and welding engineering will be found to be a worthy complement to my previous books on the fundamentals of general and mechanical engineering. Shantanu bhattacharya coordinating institute iit kanpur subtitles available unavailable lab session lab session lab session lab. Section 2 introduction to plasma cutting plasma cutting basics what is a plasma. Mechanical engineering dep artment, 71004 heraklion. The plasma arc process has always been seen as an alternative to the oxyfuel process. Jun 01, 2017 in plasmaarc welding paw, developed in the 1960s, a concentrated plasma arc is created and directed towards the weld area. However, as with any piece of equipment you need to know how and why it does what it does and the necessary precautions to do the job safely. Plasma arc welding plasma arc welding is the welding process utilizing heat generated by a constricted arc struck between a tungsten nonconsumable electrode and either the work piece transferred arc process or water cooled constricting nozzle nontransferred arc process. Plasmaarc machining pam employs a highvelocity jet of high temperature gas to melt and displace material in its path.
Plasma arc cutting machine mechanical engineering youtube. Consequently, common applications for pac consisted of repeating cutting patterns in a massproduction mode. No prior knowledge of sheetmetal fabrication and welding is assumed. The figure depicts how one matter is obtained from the other and vice versa. The term plasma, as employed in physics, means ionized particles. Pdf nontraditional manufacturing processes by gary f. Advantages and disadvantages of plasma arc welding,cutting.
The objective of this work is to study the effects of plasma arc cutting process parameters on hazheat affected zone and bevel angle for low carbon steel 1010 material with thickness 4 mm, which. Plasma arc cutting system service manual 804470 revision 2. Pdf plasma arc cutting dimensional accuracy optimization. Plasma engineering is the first textbook that addresses plasma engineering in the aerospace, nanotechnology, and bioengineering fields from a unified standpoint. I study plasma engineering in iran and i have to say its a quiet fascinating major,however its a new one and it has to be known to the world. Theory of machines institute of advanced studies in. Electron beam, plasma beam and ion beam machining youtube. Plasma cutting is often used in fabrication shops, automotive repair and restoration, industrial construction, and. Unconventional machining process sasurie college of engineering.
Plasma arc cutting dimensional accuracy optimization employing the parameter design approach. Plasma electrolysis for surface engineering sciencedirect. Lower and higher pairs, degrees of freedom, various types of mechanisms, their inversions and. Apr 21, 2015 introduction the plasma arc machining process was introduced to the industries in 1964 as a method of bringing better control to the arc welding process in lower current ranges. Introduction the plasma arc machining process was introduced to the industries in 1964 as a method of bringing better control to the arc welding process in lower current ranges. Typical materials cut with a plasma torch include steel, stainless steel, aluminum, brass and copper, although other conductive metals may be cut as well. Building of machines, structures, or process equipment by cutting, shaping and assembling components made from raw materials. Called pam, this is a method of cutting metal with a plasmaarc, or tungsten inert gasarc, torch.
Analysis of surface roughness and surface heat affected zone of steel en s355j0 after plasma arc cutting, mechanical engineering scientific journal 29, pp. Plasma is an ionized hot gas composed of nearly equal numbers of. Advanced machining processes video course mechanical. Sep 14, 2016 this video shows the cutting of mild steel ms plate with the help of plasma arc cutting machine.
Nptel video lectures, iit video lectures online, nptel youtube lectures, free video lectures, nptel online courses, youtube iit videos nptel courses. In plasmaarc welding paw is an arc welding process, a concentrated plasma arc is produced and directed towards the weld area. The arc types of welding all require electricity at relatively high voltage and current. Since no heat is applied on the materials, cut edges are clean. In areas where the electrode remains in contact with the liquid, however, the current density continues to rise, causing local boiling ebullition. Plasma cutting is a process that cuts through electrically conductive materials by means of an accelerated jet of hot plasma. Water jet machining water jet cutting can reduce the costs and speed up the processes by eliminating or reducing expensive secondary machining process. It is a nontraditional machining process in which no physical tool is used. This set of parts is called the torchs consumables. Plasma is an ionized hot gas composed of nearly equal numbers of electrons and ions. Plasma arc machining plasma is defined as the gas, which has been heated to a sufficiently high temperature to become ionized.
Since the plasma arc cutting process is capable of handheld or machine torch cutting, metals ranging from thin gauge aluminum to 1 12inch carbon or stainless steel can be plasma cut. Screening of the entire plasma cutting installation may be considered for special applications. Plasma arc machining process, diagram, advantages and. Plasma is defined as a gas that has been heated to a sufficiently high temperature to become partially ionized and therefore electrically conductive. The principle of the plasma cutting shape of plasma torch, streaming jet, water. With engineering advances in pac equipment, all metals that conduct electricity, whether they are common or exotic metals, can be cut economically with one process. It covers the fundamentals of plasma physics at a level suitable for an upper level undergraduate or graduate student, and applies the unique properties of plasmas ionized gases to improve processes and performance over a wide. The stability of arc is keeping the plasma jet in desired form.
The basic arrangement for a plasma arc cutting torch, similar to the plasma arc welding torch, is shown in figure 1071. Apr 24, 2020 the plasma arc cutting process cuts metal by melting a section of metal with a constricted arc. Plasma state is the superheated and electrically ionized gases at approximately 5000. Welding is a process of joining two metal pieces by the application of heat.
The plasma arc cutting process is illustrated in fig. Plasma arc machining pam plasma arc machining is a nontraditional thermal process. Jun 10, 2017 electrochemical machining ecm is a nontraditional machining process uses the principle of faraday to remove metal from the workpiece. It includes detailed information to gain insight into the manufacturing processes which are new, unconventional and list out the the. An introduction to cnc plasma cutting section 1 background information.
This video shows the cutting of mild steel ms plate with the help of plasma arc cutting machine. The plasma arc cutting process cuts metal by melting a section of metal with a constricted arc. Part 1 deals with mechanical type advanced machining processes such as. A plasma is a state of matter like a solid, liquid or gas. Introduction, equipment, nonthermal generation of plasma. Thermal cutting processes manual plasma arc cutting pac. Pdf experimental investigation of the plasma arc cutting. Electron beam machining mechanical engineering blog. This plasma is designed for use only in an industrial environment. Nptel provides elearning through online web and video courses. Electron beam machining is same as laser beam machining process in which except laser, high speed electron beam impinges on work piece. It includes detailed information to gain insight into the manufacturing processes. In order to meet these challenges, a number of newer material.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Nov 19, 2016 process gases are heated and charged to plasma state. Weldability, newer welding methods like plasma arc, laser beam, electron beam, ultrasonic, explosive and. Plasma arc cutting process and equipment considerations twi. Compliance information w1 910 attention genuine hypertherm parts are the factory. This electrode is connected to the negative terminal of a dc power supply. Plasma arc cutting system service manual im315 pn 803150 for systems beginning with serial number 90000. In plasmaarc welding paw, developed in the 1960s, a concentrated plasma arc is created and directed towards the weld area. Download nontraditional manufacturing processes by gary f. This will generate high heat energy and melts and vaporize metal from work piece. The electric arc is formed between an electrode which is usually but not always made of sintered tungsten and the workpiece. Chapter 1 early plasma cutting the plasmaarc cutting process saw its first commercial application in the early 1960s.
Service manual pn 804470 revision 2 june, 2003 hypertherm, inc. Plasma arc welding paw is an arc welding process similar to gas tungsten arc welding gtaw. In this part of the series the process fundamentals are described with emphasis being placed on the operating features and the advantages of the many process variants. The principle of plasma arc machining is shown in the figure. Electrochemical machining ecm is a nontraditional machining process uses the principle of faraday to remove metal from the workpiece. Basic mechanical engineering covers a wide range of topics and engineering concepts that are required to be learnt as in any undergraduate engineering course.
Nptel video lecture topic list created by linuxpert systems, chennai nptel video course mechanical engineering advanced manufacturing process for micro sytem fabrication subject coordinator dr. Notes on electro chemical machining ecm me mechanical. Plasma arc cutting process and equipment considerations. Plasma arc cutting process aristidis tsiolikas1, john kechagias2, konstantinos salonitis 3 p fig. It mentions advantages of plasma arc welding cutting and disadvantages of plasma arc welding cutting. Mechanical subjectwise basic concept notes, articles. So, assuming that the plasma equipment can produce holes of the necessary quality, it would be permittedand indeed plasma equipment is becoming extremely common due to the efficiencies they can provide.
The key difference from gtaw is that in paw, by positioning the electrode within the body of the torch, the plasma arc can be separated from the shielding gas envelope. Lecture notes on modern manufacturing process dr pramod. Plasma arc cutting process aristidis tsiolikas1, john kechagias2, konstantinos salonitis3, and nikos mastorakis4 p fig. K p maity professor, department of mechanical engineering department of mechanical engineering. A plasma is an ionized very hot gas composed of nearly same numbers of electrons and ions. The plasma arc cutting torch carries a tungsten electrode fitted in a small chamber. Nptel video lecture topics for mechanical engineering new no. The schematic arrangement of plasma arc machining is shown in fig. Advanced machining processes video course course outline there is a need for machine tools and processes which can accurately and easily machine the most difficulttomachine materials and workpieces with intricate and accurate shapes. The gas metal arc types also use an inert or active gas to create a barrier between the weld and the atmosphere, enhancing the quality and strength of the joint. Cutting conditions milling cutters plain milling cutters form milling cutters face milling cutters end milling cutters cutting conditions. Modern steel construction steel questions or comments to.
Plasma arc welding is an arc welding process wherein coalescence is produced by the heat obtained from a constricted arc setup between a tungstenalloy tungsten electrode and the watercooled constricting nozzle nontransferred arc or between a tungstenalloy tungsten electrode and the job transferred arc. Welding multiple choice questions and answers mcq objective. Plasma arc cutting system operator manual 805780 revision 2. Early plasma cutters were large, slow, and expensive. Arc welding uses a metal welding rod that is melted to help form the welded joint. Plasma arc machining pam employs a highvelocity jet of high temperature gas to melt and displace material in its path.
Called pam, this is a method of cutting metal with a plasmaarc, or tungsten inertgasarc, torch. In a plasma torch, known as the gun or plasmatron, a volume of gas such as h2, n2, 02, etc. Mechanical subjectwise basic concept notes,articles. The produced arc is stable and reaches temperatures around 33,000c. The term for advisable state of plasma arc is called stability of arc too. Plasma arc machining pam electron beam machining ebm edit lesson. There is a set of parts at the front of the torch body that controls the plasma cutting process and these parts wear out with use. Introduction the plasma arc machining process was introduced to the industries in 1964 as a method of.
Welding is the least expensive process and widely used now a days in fabrication. Plasma arc welding members gallery mechanical engineering. A highvelocity jet flow of hot ionized gas melts the metal and then removes the molten material to form a kerf. Divided into three parts, this book lays emphasis on explaining the logic and physics of critical problems to develop analytical skills in students. For a typea system in the region u 1 u 2, a potential rise leads to current oscillation accompanied by luminescence.
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